An individual suffering from Anemia means his/her blood is not able to carry the enough oxygen to the rest of body. The oxygen is carried by the hemoglobin, which is an iron-rich protein present in blood and gives red color to the blood. Furthermore, iron is required for the production of hemoglobin. Anemia has three main causes: blood loss, lack of red blood cell production, and high rates of red blood cell destruction.
Anemia takes place when your blood doesn't have enough red blood cells, this may happen due to:
The most common types of anemia are:
As discussed earlier, it happens due to deficiencyof iron. The iron deficiency occurs due to blood loss or due to poorabsorption of iron and poor diet. Gastric bypass surgery has also shown the anemia in many cases. Vitamin deficiency Anemia: Poor dietary intake, in which low levels of vitamin B12 (folate) is found causes anemia. There is another condition, known as Pernicious anemia, in which B12 is not observed in gastrointestinal tract, causes anemia.
In this condition red blood cells are broken in the bloodstream or in spleen, due to leaky heart valves, infections, autoimmune disorder, and congenital abnormalities. Sickle cell anemia: It is an inherited hemolytic anemia, in which red blood cells become sickle in shape leading to rigidity, clogging in circulation.
It is a rare type of anemia, in which low level of blood cells are produced. Common causes are viral infections, autoimmune disease or exposure to toxic chemicals etc.
During pregnancy, blood is produced at larger level to support the growth of baby and body of mother. The anaemic conditions arises due to the lack of iron or related nutrients in diet.
There are other factors, which can induce the anemia, for example dysfunction in kidney, in which hormone 'erythropoietin' is not produced enough. The hormone erythropoietin initiates signal to bone marrow to produce new red blood cells. The chemotherapy is used for the treatment of cancer, but continued expose of the body to this therapy has led impairment in the production new red blood cells, which causes anemia.
Persons, who may lead to anemia are having poor diet, intestinal disorder, chronic diseases and infections. The chronic medical conditions and pregnant or menstrual woman are mostly at the risk of anemia. The risk of anemia has been also observed in athletes such as jogging/basketball due to red blood cells breakdown.
Other conditions which could lead into anemia are:
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